Dynamic phoroptometer



Oct. 2 1923. 1,469,412

c. E. H. ARMBRUSTER DYNAMIC PHOROPTOHETER Filed May 23, 11918 INVENTOR6? EH Arm bruszen ATTORNEY sitioned. V 7 V The lower portion of theopening in the retinoscope in the hand of the operator, or a catch onthe element, of the instrument upon which in practice the eyes arefocused and which in its entirety ismounted upon the movable part of thebracket. 7 i

The focusing element consistsof an upright box 21 which is fixed uponthesleeve 4 and which has an opening facing the end of the bracket atwhich'the patient ispofront of the box is covered by a lid 22 vhic'h isclamped upon the sides thereof.

The upper part 23 of the box correspondmg with the uncovered portion of,itsope r,

' ing is reduced in width to permit of the operator throwing aretinoscopic light beam into the eye of a patient focusing upon theopening, along lines which very nearly approach the visual. axisthereof.

" A test-type 2 1 is placed upon the inner Surface of the box oppositethe sight-opening in its reduced upper portion'and an in-" candescentlamp 37 placed within the lower portionof the box illuminates the typeso that if it is'rea'dily seen by the patient occupying the aforesaidposition with relation to p the instrument.

The lid 22 which covers the nia'ornortion of the open front of the boxhas a circular opening covered by a disk 25 which is rotatably mountedbetween lugs 26 upon the face of the lid, I,

-The rotary disk has a handle which facilitates its adjustment, and apointer 28 which cooperates with an arcuate graduated scale 29 arrangedupon the face of the lid in concentric relation to the axis of rotationof the disk. The disk isfurthermore provided with two'slots 30 whichintersect at rightaiigles to each other and which are va side of thebox.

fCOVEI'GClWlth a sheetBl of transparent'or translucent material.

The sheet has an aperture 32 the point of intersection of the two slotsit carriesin alineinent with the latter, lines of. letters or otherdistinctive characters which in the operation promote a desire forfoculi focusing upon the opening in the transpar- Y ent sheet. 7 In theoperation of the instrument, the patient faces the front of thetest-type box at which he looks through lenses inatrial fastened framewhich may be worn by the patient or fastened upon the support 7. patientfocuses the eye uponthe artificially illuminated test-type theoperatornioves the sleeve upon which the box is supported,

toward or from the relatively fixed bar un til the approximate focusingpoint is found.

The operator examines the focusing eye by looking through a retinoscopealong a line 7 which passes close to the reduced upper portionof theboxand is suficiently near to the line of VlSlOlTOf the, eye to enable theoperator to determine the refractive errors of the eye with absoluteaccuracy.

The tape whose end is fastened either to the moving sleeveor to theretinoscope' in the hand of. the operator, measures the distance betweenthe patient and the test-type in its adjusted position. V a In order tofind the, true focusing JOlIlt of While the the eye under examination,the operator measures the lag or overaccoinniodation of the eye bymoving tlieretinoscope to 'Wl'llCl'L the tape is attached, away from thetest type and noting the distance frointhe eye of the patient at whichthe true focus or point of reversal is established.

7 It will be noted that the absence of any projecting parts rearward ofthe'test-object,

permits of the operator lookingthrough the retinoscop'e at. a pointwhich is very close to the'test-type, and, by reason of the r'e-lstricted width thereof, very near the line of vision of an eye whichfocuses upon'the type. i V V i' p V In the use of the instrument asaphoroineter for testing the relative strength of the eye muscles, thepatient focuses upon the aperture at the po nt of intersection: thelluminated slots by readingthefletters or other characters upon theportion of the transparent sheet placedover the same, 7

The electric lainp 37 is shifted until it is within theline of vision ofthe eye under examination and c0n :ealed from the other eye, asillustrated dlagramniatically in Figure & of the drawings in which thereference nuinerals35 designate the eyes of a'patlent, and 36 thelines'of vision passing'through the aperture at the center of theilluminated V cross in the front of the test-box;

In testing the muscle-balance by the'use of my mproved instrument,it'flylll'ldi'lCal lens, coininonly known as a Maddox rod,

is placed before the eye under examination.

Should the vertical muscles of the eye be balanced the streak of lightproduced by the Maddox rod will pass through the aperture at the pointof intersection of the slots in the 7 disk 25 and directly through thehorizontal line of print, and any deviation from this ideal conditionindicates an imbalance'of the muscles, the extent of which is measuredby placing prisms before the eye under test, until the" two streaks oflight (that produced of the intersecting slots.

It will be understood that the correct distancebetween the test-box andthe eye at which the muscle-test is conducted ism-that at I I which theeye focuses upon the test-type in 1 the upper-part of the box or thoseappear ng on the illuminated slots of the disk.

Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secure byLetters,

Patent is: I

1. In an instrument of the character described, the combination of arectilinearly v extensible and contractible bracket supported at one ofits ends, a reel adjacent the fixed end of the bracket, a test-ob ect adcent the opposite end'of the same, a measuring-tape wound on the reelfor measuring the distances between the fixed end of the bracket and thetest-object, said tape extending partially transverse to the line ofmovement of the bracket, and a pointer cooperating with said transverseportion of the tape.

in an instrument of the character described, the combinationof arectilinear ly extensible andcontractible bracket supported at one ofits ends, a reel adjacent the fixed end of the bracket, a test-objectadjacent the opposite end of the same, a measuring tapewound on the reelfor measuring tl16l15- tances between the fixed endof the bracketand-the tcstcbject, said tape extending partially transverse to the lineof movement of the bracket, a pointer cooperating with said trans 'erseportion of the tape, and a lamp casing on the bracket having an openingfor the emission of light onto the portion or. the type which registerswith the pointer.

xteusible and contractible bracket supportd at one of its ends, a reeladjacent the fixed end of the bracket, a test-objectadjacent theopposite end of the Same, a measuring-tape wound on the reel formeasuring the distances between the fixed end of the bracket and thetest-object, said tape extending partially transverse to the line ofmovement of the bracket, a pointer cooperating with said transverseportion of-the tape, and a clamp adapted to secure the tape in itsadjusted positions.

a. In an instrument of the character dea. In an instrument of thecharacter described. the combination of arectflmearly scribed, thecombination of asupport conipo-sed'of a fixed member and a member havinga rectilinear movement with relation thereto, a test object carried onthe movable member, a reel on the fixed member, and a measuring tape onthe reel extending transversely and thence longitudinally of the line ofmovement of the movable member-and connected with said' test object'formeasur ing the distance of the latter from a determinate point on thesu'pport. I f

l 5. In an instrument of'thecharacterdescribed, the combination of-asup-port coinposed of two-members anda foldin'g'frame comprising togglelevers connecting'tlle said members and EIII'EtIIgBCij ltOl-PGIIlllt ofonly a rectilinear movement of one of-said members relative to theother, and a test-object carried on said movable member.

6, In an instrument of the character da scribed, the combination of a.support composed of two members adapted to-slide one upon the other,-anda folding frame comprising toggle levers connected to the said membersand arranged to permit ofonly a rectilinear movement of one of saidmembers withlrelation'to the other,1and a test-object carried on saidmovable member. 7. In an instrument of the characterdescribed,phorometerprovlded vvlth an obapertured transparent covering for theslot, and a lamp behind said surface, having an axis, of the apertureinith'e covering to ar-- range the light 1n the line of visionof one eyeand carry it out of the line of the .vision of the otheneye 1'ject-surface having aslot,-and including air adjustment in' thehorizontal plane of the i 8, 111 an instrument of the-characterdescribed, a phoro-m'eterprovided with an ob-'- ject surface havingintersecting slots. and iiicluding 'a transparent covering for saidslots'having-an aperture at their point of intersection, and a lampbehind the surface having anvad ustment 1nthe horizontalplane of theaxis of said aperture.

9. In an instrument of the character de scribed, a'phorometer providedwith a rotary surface having a transparentfocusingslot and an openaperture in its center-of ro tation, and a lamp behind said surface inthe horizontal 'p'laneof the axis ofsaid aperture.

10. In an instrument of the charaoterdescribed, a phoro-meter providedwith a retary surface having transparent slots intersecting its centerof rotation and an open aperture at their point of intersection, and alamp behind the surface in the horizontal plane of the axisof saidaperture.

11. In an instrument of the character described a phorometer providedwith an .object surface having-two slots at right angles to each other,and mounted to be in the line of vision of a distant patient, and a filo, ram behind Said t rrac a illuminate its slots, and movable beyond thevisual axis ofone of the eyes. U

12., In instrument. of the eharaeter ete- SCfIibBtl a phoroineterprovidedwith an object surface hav ng a slot and a, rowlof testtypespartially coveringthe same, and a lamp ehind eu riace'te illuminate theslot, and movable beyond the visual axis of onesof the eyes. V V V 13.In an instrnznent of the character described phorometer provided with an0b jeet surface having two slots at right angles to each other and rowsof test-types parti2tllyKh-Fst31L-i1g thesalne, and a lamp behind thesurf-ace to illuminate its slot-s, and n1ovof the eyes.

' having a partially: hovered front, provided with an aperture in theclosed portion therer of, a lai np behind said portion, and a'testtypein the box opposite the open portion of its front. r 7

16,111 an instrument of the character doseribed, a focusingelementcomprising a box -having a partially Gore-reel front, provided atith an aperture in the closed portion, there of, alamp behind saidportion, av test-type in the boX opposite the open portion of its front,and a-lid for covering said open poition;

17; In an instrument or the ehitraeteroescribed a focusing elementcomprising box :haviro' an a erture in its front and a lain) *o a l V;:in the box, adjustable in a horizontalpla'ne passing through the axisof the aperture to arrange a lamp in the line of; vision oi one eye andcarry it out of thehne of vision of the other i r 18. In an instrumentof the character described a focusing element comprising a box, a rotaryplate Covering ah opening in t-.he front thereof, and having an aperturesignature.

, toe-. 1

r in its center of rotation, and a. lamp in the box opposite said:apertnrathe plateand a relatively stationary part of the heir having aseale and a. pointer which cooperate to indicate the angles of rotationoi theplate,

19.111 a dev-iee of the class described, a casing prom-(led w th anapert'iirecl port on forming a restricted opening therein,ala1np mountedwithin said casing, said 'aper'tnred' portion and lamp being-relativelymovable with respect to 'one anether to arrange the lamp in the lineofvi'sion of one eye and out of the line of vision of the other eye.

20. In a device of the'class tles'erib*ed ,"'a

one wall thereof, and a lamp withinsaid casing movable with respect tothe axis of said opening to arrange the-lamp in the line of vis on ofone eye and out ofthe line of vlsion of the other eye;

, provided with a restricted Opj ning in 91-. In a device of the "classdescribed, a

easing having restricted opening in one wall thereof, and-a lampwithin'oaicl easing and movable horizontally-therein to Vari-' enspositions with respect to the aXis.. o---- said opening to arrange thelamp in the line of 'v'ieion of one eye and out of the line of visionofthe other eye; H I I In aclevice of the elas'sdescrib'ecl havinn onewall thereof partially closed and the closed portion provided with arestricted opening, a lamp v'vithln said easing, said lamp nd closedportion being no'vable With respect to one another -to arrange. the lampin the line OfVlSlOIl or one eye and out of the line of vision of theother eye, and a test type chart Within said easing-observed from theenclosed portion of saideasing.

Ina {lVlCQ oi the class described, a

casing having one wall-thereo-ipartially elesedfand provided With arestricted opening, a test type chart arranged in said casing forobservation through the uneloseel portion of said easing,- and a lampmounted Within said casing moirable horizontally f there Within'andcooperating. with the aforesaid restricted opening to arrangethe lamp inthe line of vision of one eye and out of the line of vision of the'other'eye.

In testimony whereof I enemas n. H. ARMBRUSTER.

have affixed iny

